Everything You Need to Know About Hydrocele: Causes, Symptoms, and Solutions

Hydrocele is a common condition that affects many men and boys. It happens when fluid builds up in the sac around the testicle. Because hydrocele can cause swelling and discomfort, it is important to know its causes, symptoms, and treatment options. In this blog, we will explain hydrocele in simple terms. We will also discuss how to treat hydrocele and when to see a doctor.

What is a Hydrocele?

A hydrocele is a painless swelling in the scrotum. The scrotum is the pouch of skin that holds the testicles. Usually, a hydrocele forms when fluid collects in the thin sac around one or both testicles. While most hydroceles are harmless, they can sometimes cause discomfort or concern. In many cases, hydroceles are found in newborns, but adults can get them too. According to the Mayo Clinic, hydroceles are not usually dangerous and often go away on their own in babies.

Causes of Hydrocele

There are several reasons why a hydrocele may develop. Understanding these causes can help you know what to look out for. Here are some common causes of hydrocele:

In newborns, hydroceles often happen when the channel between the abdomen and scrotum does not close fully before birth.

In adults, injury or swelling in the scrotum can lead to a hydrocele.

Infections, such as sexually transmitted infections (STIs), may also cause fluid buildup.

Sometimes, surgery in the groin area can result in a hydrocele.

Although most hydroceles are not linked to serious problems, it is wise to get checked if you notice swelling.

Symptoms of Hydrocele

Hydrocele symptoms are usually easy to spot. However, some people may not notice any discomfort. Common hydrocele symptoms include:

Swelling in one or both sides of the scrotum

A feeling of heaviness in the scrotum

Discomfort or mild pain, especially if the swelling increases

Clear, smooth swelling that is not usually tender

Sometimes, the swelling may get worse during the day. If you notice sudden pain or severe swelling, seek medical help right away.

Diagnosis of Hydrocele

Doctors can often diagnose hydrocele with a simple exam. First, your doctor will check the scrotum for swelling. Next, they may shine a light through the scrotum. This test, called transillumination, helps show if the swelling is due to fluid. In some cases, your doctor may order an ultrasound. This test uses sound waves to create a picture of the inside of the scrotum. It helps rule out other causes, such as a hernia or tumor. According to the CDC, these tests are safe and painless.

Treatment Options for Hydrocele

Many hydroceles do not need treatment, especially in babies. Often, they go away on their own within a year. However, adults may need treatment if the hydrocele is large or causes discomfort. Here are some common hydrocele treatment options:

Watchful waiting: If the hydrocele is small and painless, your doctor may suggest waiting to see if it goes away.

Needle drainage: In some cases, a doctor may use a needle to remove the fluid. However, the fluid may return.

Surgery: If the hydrocele is large or keeps coming back, surgery may be needed. The surgeon removes the sac and stops the fluid from building up again.

Although surgery is safe, it is usually only needed if the hydrocele causes problems. Always talk to your doctor about the best hydrocele treatment options for you.

Prevention and Lifestyle Tips

While you cannot always prevent a hydrocele, some steps may help lower your risk. Here are a few tips:

Wear protective gear during sports to avoid injury to the groin area.

Treat infections quickly to prevent swelling.

See a doctor if you notice any swelling or pain in the scrotum.

Maintain good hygiene to lower the risk of infections.

Even though hydroceles are not always preventable, early care can help avoid complications.

In summary, hydrocele is a common and usually harmless condition. But, if you notice swelling or discomfort, it is best to get checked. Consult a urologist for personalized advice on hydrocele and the best treatment for your needs.